Glossary

Graded AuthenticationA module that controls access to information based on how a user has authenticated to a system. GA associates varying clearances to connections on the basis of network policy, such as the authentication protocols and methods used, the properties of the workstation, the requested capabilities, etc.

The operating system process of reclaiming used memory blocks. The operating system deallocates blocks of memory that were once allocated but are no longer in use. It also gathers scattered blocks of free memory into larger contiguous free blocks.

The section of the software dictionary that contains pre-defined software identifiers. On the basis of this dictionary, the Inventory scanner reports whether a particular product is installed on an inventoried machine.

A type of online help screen available in the command line utility help that provides general information about the item specified in the help command typed at the DOS or OS/2 prompt.

In ZENworks Server Management, a community string used in Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) communication to obtain agent data.

GNU Free Documentation LicenseA copyleft license for free content, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU Manifesto explains the details. In legal terms, GNU software is protected by the GNU General Public License, or GPL, and by the GNU Lesser General Public License, or LGPL. The Linux kernel, which is subject to the GPL, benefits from this project (especially from the tools), but should not be seen as the same thing.">GNU project. The current state of the license is version 1.2, the official text of which can be found at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License The license was designed for manuals, textbooks, and other reference and instructional materials. However, it can be used for any text-based work, regardless of subject matter. It stipulates that any copy of the material, even if modified, carry the same license. Those copies may be sold but, if produced in quantity, have to be made available in a format which facilitates further editing.

group ID, Group IdentifierThe GID is a unique number attributed to a group of users.

Amount of memory equal to 1024 Megabits (1,073,741,824 bits) of information. A gigabit is one billion bits. It's commonly used for measuring the amount of data that is transferred in a second between two telecommunication points. For example, Gigabit Ethernet is a high-speed form of Ethernet (a local area network technology) that can provide data transfer rates of about 1 gigabit per second. Gigabits per second is usually abbreviated Gbps.

A gigabyte consists of roughly 1 billion bytes. To be exact, there are 1024 megabytes or 1,073,741,824 bytes in a gigabyte, roughly equivalent to a thousand novels. Because of the large size of today's hard disks, storage capacity is usually measured in gigabytes.

Graphical Identification and AuthenticationThe interface that users see when they attempt to log in to the network. The GINA can originate from the Microsoft client, the Novell Client, or the ZENworks Desktop Management Agent (the last two use a version of NWGINA).

The person who manages the NetWare Web Search Server and has the proper rights to do so.

global unique IDIn ZENworks Desktop Management and ZENworks Handheld Management, a randomly generated string that provides a unique identifier for an application. When Novell Application Launcher (NAL) distributes an application to a workstation in ZENworks Desktop Management, it adds the GUID to the workstation's Windows registry for distribution tracking purposes.

(Pronounced guh-nome.) GNU Network Object Model EnvironmentA user-friendly graphical desktop environment for Linux. GNOME is part of the GNU Manifesto explains the details. In legal terms, GNU software is protected by the GNU General Public License, or GPL, and by the GNU Lesser General Public License, or LGPL. The Linux kernel, which is subject to the GPL, benefits from this project (especially from the tools), but should not be seen as the same thing.">GNU project and part of the free software, or open source, movement. GNOME is a Windows-like desktop system that works on UNIX and UNIX-like systems and is not dependent on any one window manager.

GNU Manifesto explains the details. In legal terms, GNU software is protected by the GNU General Public License, or GPL, and by the GNU Lesser General Public License, or LGPL. The Linux kernel, which is subject to the GPL, benefits from this project (especially from the tools), but should not be seen as the same thing.">GNU is Not UnixA project of the Free Software Foundation (FSF). The aim of the GNU Project is to create a complete and free UNIX-style operating system. It is free not so much in the sense of free of cost, but in the sense of freedom: having the right to obtain, modify, and redistribute the software. The now classic GNU Manifesto explains the details. In legal terms, GNU software is protected by the GNU General Public License, or GPL, and by the GNU Lesser General Public License, or LGPL. The Linux kernel, which is subject to the GPL, benefits from this project (especially from the tools), but should not be seen as the same thing.

A copyleft license for free content, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU Manifesto explains the details. In legal terms, GNU software is protected by the GNU General Public License, or GPL, and by the GNU Lesser General Public License, or LGPL. The Linux kernel, which is subject to the GPL, benefits from this project (especially from the tools), but should not be seen as the same thing.">GNU project. The current state of the license is version 1.2, the official text of which can be found at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License.The license was designed for manuals, textbooks, and other reference and instructional materials. However, it can be used for any text-based work, regardless of subject matter. It stipulates that any copy of the material, even if modified, carry the same license. Those copies may be sold but, if produced in quantity, have to be made available in a format which facilitates further editing.

A free software license, originally written by Richard Stallman for the GNU Manifesto explains the details. In legal terms, GNU software is protected by the GNU General Public License, or GPL, and by the GNU Lesser General Public License, or LGPL. The Linux kernel, which is subject to the GPL, benefits from this project (especially from the tools), but should not be seen as the same thing.">GNU project (a project to create a complete free software operating system). It has since become the most popular license for free software (or "open source software"). The latest version of the license, version 2, was released in 1991. The GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) is a modified version of the GPL intended for some software libraries.

A project of the Free Software Foundation (FSF). The aim of the GNU Manifesto explains the details. In legal terms, GNU software is protected by the GNU General Public License, or GPL, and by the GNU Lesser General Public License, or LGPL. The Linux kernel, which is subject to the GPL, benefits from this project (especially from the tools), but should not be seen as the same thing.">GNU Project is to create a complete and free UNIX-style operating system. It is free not so much in the sense of free of cost, but in the sense of freedom: having the right to obtain, modify, and redistribute the software. The now classic GNU Manifesto explains the details. In legal terms, GNU software is protected by the GNU General Public License, or GPL, and by the GNU Lesser General Public License, or LGPL. The Linux kernel, which is subject to the GPL, benefits from this project (especially from the tools), but should not be seen as the same thing.

A graphical desktop environment for Linux.

In ZENworks Server Management, an Application object created in ZENworks Desktop Management that is used as the source object for creating a Desktop Application Distribution. From the information in the Distribution about the golden Application object, subscribers receiving the distribution can create distributed Application objects. However, distributed Application objects are not identical copies of golden application objects; their configurations are affected by the environment where they are created.

Short for "Grace Logins Allowed property."

A module that controls access to information based on how a user has authenticated to a system. GA associates varying clearances to connections on the basis of network policy, such as the authentication protocols and methods used, the properties of the workstation, the requested capabilities, etc.

The GRand Unified Bootloader is a multiboot boot loader which is most commonly used to allow dual-booting of two or more operating systems installed on a single computer.In technical terms, a multiboot boot loader is one which can load any executable file with a multiboot header present in the first 8 KB of the file. Such a header consists of 32 bits of "magic" number, 32 bits of flags, a further 32 bits of magic number, followed by data about the executable image.While traditional boot loaders maintain a table of blocks on the hard disk, GRUB can browse the file system.

The interface that users see when they attempt to log in to the network. The GINA can originate from the Microsoft client, the Novell Client, or the ZENworks Desktop Management Agent (the last two use a version of NWGINA).

An association between a group and one or more rules. When your application validates a pipeline that includes the group step and a binding exists between the current user's group and any rules, then those rules are fired.

Group Identifier. The GID is a unique number attributed to a group of users.

A term describing an application that helps groups of people work together. Typically, a groupware application has several productivity features built into one program, including e-mail, calendar, and address book tools.

Grand Unified Boot LoaderThe GRand Unified Bootloader is a multiboot boot loader which is most commonly used to allow dual-booting of two or more operating systems installed on a single computer.In technical terms, a multiboot boot loader is one which can load any executable file with a multiboot header present in the first 8 KB of the file. Such a header consists of 32 bits of "magic" number, 32 bits of flags, a further 32 bits of magic number, followed by data about the executable image.While traditional boot loaders maintain a table of blocks on the hard disk, GRUB can browse the file system.

Global unique identifierIn ZENworks Desktop Management and ZENworks Handheld Management, a randomly generated string that provides a unique identifier for an application. When Novell Application Launcher (NAL) distributes an application to a workstation in ZENworks Desktop Management, it adds the GUID to the workstation's Windows registry for distribution tracking purposes.