Glossary

Information frameA type of frame used to transfer packet information. An I frame can also contain data for frame-level flow control.

A diagnostic packet that System Fault Tolerance (SFT) III servers send back and forth over the internetwork connection to check each other's status.Each SFT III server sends an "I'm alive" packet to the other SFT III server over the IPX cable at a rate of 18 times per second. These packets act as a backup communications check for the mirrored server link. A network analyzer attached to the LAN segment between the two SFT III servers detects multiple "I'm alive" packets per minute. However, the extra traffic generated by these diagnostic packets should not affect network performance.

Input/Output engineThe part of the System Fault Tolerance (SFT) III operating system that handles physical processes, such as network and disk I/O, hardware interrupts, device drivers, timing, and routing.

Independent Computing ArchitectureA Citrix Systems protocol for running Windows applications over the Internet. In ZENworks Desktop Management, the ICA client is used by Novell Application Launcher (NAL), the NAL plug-in, and the ZENworks Launch gadget to enable running of ZENworks applications from a Citrix MetaFrame server.

iCal is a protocol that Evolution uses to manage the calendar section.

Novell iChainA security and access-management infrastructure used to protect networks and safeguard sensitive business and identity data. Used with Novell ZENworks Web Self-Service, Novell iChain provides secure access to Web applications and content that has been provisioned to users.

Internet control message protocolAn integral part of the Internet Protocol (IP) that handles error and control messages. Specifically, gateways and hosts use ICMP to send reports of problems about datagrams back to the original datagram source. ICMP is used to report routing errors and messages.

A 3-digit hexadecimal operand in the physical unit definition statement of the Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (VTAM) that denotes the device type.

1. Integrated Drive Electronics: A hard disk interface (such as ESDI or SCSI) that has replaced the ST-506. The controller hardware is placed on the drive itself for improved performance.2. Integrated Development Environment: A part of Borland's Turbo C++ compiler.3. Interactive Development Environments, Inc.

A variable used in NetWare login scripts that allows users to enter a variable (such as LOGIN_NAME) in a login script command, rather than a specific name (such as RICHARD).

A process the computer processor executes when it is not busy performing work. The higher the percentage of processor time devoted to the idle loop process, the less active the processor.

An operand in the Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (VTAM) physical unit (PU) definition statement that identifies the specific device (if physical unit type 1 or 2) or the specific connection (if physical unit type 4 or 5). IDNUM is expressed as a 5-digit hexadecimal value. In NetWare Link/SNA, this value is used to identify the PUID.

intrusion detection systemAn automated system that can detect a security violation on a system or a network.

A logical link control standard for local area networks (LANs). This standard of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) describes the function of the Logical Link Control (LLC) protocol used in both token ring and Ethernet LANs. 802.2 is one of a set of communications standards that define physical and electrical network connections. The 802.2 standard specifies the data link layer for use with 802.3 networks (thick, thin, twisted pair, and fiber-optic Ethernet networks) and with 802.5 networks (twisted pair or fiber-optic token ring networks).

Internet Engineering Task ForceThe Internet Activities Board (IAB) task force responsible for solving the short-term engineering needs of the Internet. They deal with TCP/IP and develop SNMP. They are also charged with developing proposed Internet standards.

The NetWare login script syntax that checks the membership list of a Group object and returns TRUE if the User object is listed.

Novell iFolderAn application that allows users to save files to a network storage location so they can be accessed and coordinated from multiple locations inside and outside the network. Novell iFolder provides the Data Management capability included in ZENworks.

A named file or directory in the root of each volume that is deliberately never replicated.

Interior Gateway ProtocolA category for protocols that are used to exchange routing table information between collaborating routers in the Internet. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocols are examples of IGPs.

Internet Information ServerA group of Internet servers (including a Web or Hypertext Transfer Protocol server and a File Transfer Protocol server) with additional capabilities for Microsoft Windows NT and Windows 2000 Server operating systems.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, a utility (imgexp.exe) that is used to view or customize workstation images or to create add-on images.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, an area on a computer's hard disk that is protected from reimaging. Used to save workstation-unique information such as the IP address, computer name, and Domain Name System (DNS) settings so the information can be restored after an imaging operation.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, to copy the contents of a computer's hard disk into a single compressed file (referred to as an image) so that the contents of the hard disk, including configuration information and applications, can be copied to other computers.Also called disk imaging or ghost imaging.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, a utility (ziswin.exe) that acts as an extension to the Windows bootup procedure on a workstation. It runs before any network communications are established, and allows administrators to save existing settings prior to reimaging a workstation, or to supply IP configuration, Windows networking, and Domain Name System (DNS) settings for a workstation that doesn't have an operating system.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, a utility (zimgboot.exe) used to create or update imaging boot diskettes.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, a computer that is booted from an imaging device.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, a Linux application used to control imaging through the img command at the Linux bash prompt.

1. In ZENworks Desktop Management, a software component (imgserv.nlm, imgserv.dll, or imgserv.dlm) on a Desktop Management server that enables imaging clients to connect with the network to receive imaging services.2. In ZENworks Desktop Management, the computer used to create, store, and send files in an imaging operation.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, a policy that sets imaging parameters for workstations that are not registered in Novell Directory Services (NDS) or Novell eDirectory. This policy is contained in the Server package.

Novell iManagerA browser-based management utility included with NetWare 6. In ZENworks Server Management, it enables administrators to manage Tiered Electronic Distribution (TED) objects, agents, and processes from any location where the required version of Internet Explorer is available.

Internet Mail Access Protocol. It allows access to e-mail that is typically stored remotely on a server rather than on a local hard disk. Often contrasted with POP.

IcShort for "Immediate Compress attribute."

A file system attribute that causes a file, or the files in a directory and its subdirectories, to be compressed as soon as the operating system can do so, without waiting for a specific event (such as a time delay) to occur. In the case of a directory, individual files marked with the Don't Compress attribute are unaffected by this attribute.

Rights that are implied by some other right. Specifically:

• The Supervisor object right implies all rights to the object and all its properties.
• The Supervisor property right implies all rights to the specific property or to all properties, whichever Supervisor is specified for.
• The Read property right implies the Compare property right.
• The Write property right implies the Add Self property right

Implied rights are not stored but are applied by the system when it calculates effective rights.

A service information filter which limits the acceptance of service advertisements received by the router to a selected set of services at a selected set of networks.

A directory within the replication set whose content, including any subdirectories and their contents, are replicated to the replica server and synchronized when scheduled (or synchronized manually). An included directory is shown in the Replication panel as a folder icon containing a plus (+) symbol.

A Citrix Systems protocol for running Windows applications over the Internet. In ZENworks Desktop Management, the ICA client is used by Novell Application Launcher (NAL), the NAL plug-in, and the ZENworks Launch gadget to enable delivery of terminal server applications to user workstations.

A network-accessible unit that can initiate an LU-to-LU session without requesting assistance from a system services control point (SSCP). Currently, only an LU 6.2 can be an independent LU.

The process of searching for available space in sibling index pages when a given index page becomes full, and then rotating values from the full page into the pages that have space available.

A file system attribute that indicates a file has been indexed for quick access. When a file reaches a certain size relative to the block size on the volume, NetWare begins keeping an index to it. This attribute is shown in attribute listings, but can't be set by users.

Commonly accepted industry standard for the bus design used on the IBM PC/XT, which makes use of plug-in cards and expansion slots. It can accommodate 8- or 16-bit cards.

Internetworking Configuration utilityA menu-based NetWare Loadable Module (NLM) that simplifies the use of Novell internetworking products by allowing a network administrator to configure interface boards and network protocols. A network administrator uses INETCFG to bind protocols to different LAN and WAN boards, and also to view the entire or selected portions of the configuration.

A program that comes with the news server that enables Internet discussion group moderators to approve messages.

A type of frame used to transfer packet information. An I frame can also contain data for frame-level flow control.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, an imaging mode that allows administrators to view information about the hardware devices on the computer, the base image on the computer, and the data stored in the computer's image-safe area.

In the NetWare file system, rights acquired automatically by files, folders, or directories. When a file or directory is copied to a NetWare server, that file or directory inherits the same rights as the directory in which it is placed.In eDirectory, explicitly granted rights to one object that apply to all subordinate objects, unless other rights are explicitly assigned at a lower level or the rights are blocked by an inherited rights filter (IRF).

An entry in an object's access control list (ACL) that specifies which rights can and cannot flow down to the object and its subordinates.Only inherited rights can be filtered. Rights granted at the current level, either by explicit assignment or by security equivalence, cannot be blocked. The Supervisor right can be blocked to an object but not to a file or directory.Object rights and property rights are inherited and filtered separately; therefore, object and property rights can be blocked individually without affecting each other.

A binary value that specifies a combination of rights in the NetWare file system. When a trustee has no assigned rights to a file or directory, the trustee inherits rights from a superior directory for which rights are assigned. The Inherited Rights Mask can be used to modify those inherited rights. If the Inherited Rights Mask is 0, the trustee inherits all rights from the superior directory. In NetWare 4 this term was rendered obsolete by the inherited rights filter.

Novell/SUSE Linux uses a system of scripts to determine which services to run on system boot. These scripts exist in /etc/init.d/ (or the symbolic link /etc/rc.d/), and are referred to as init scripts. They help dictate which services are active in each runlevel and also allow the services to be manually controlled.init scripts are essentially just shell scripts with options for performing basic actions on a service. You can invoke them manually or they can be invoked automatically by the system.

A type of printer that sprays droplets of ink onto paper to form an image. Continuous inkjet printers spray a continuous stream of ink, which is electronically controlled to print an image. Drop-on-demand inkjet printers shoot out single drops of ink as needed.Ink jet printers are the most common type of computer printer. Industry and commerce also use them extensively for special-purpose applications. For example, many ATMs, stock control systems, and cash registers use inkjet printers.

The main InterNetNews (INN) process that handles all Internet discussion group replications, listens to the specified news port, and responds to connections from newsreaders.

A data structure holding information about files in a UNIX file system. Each file has an inode. A file is uniquely identified by the file system on which it resides and its inode number on that system. Each inode contains the following information: the device where the inode resides, locking information, mode and type of file, the number of links to the file, the owner's user and group IDs, the number of bytes in the file, access and modification times, the time the inode itself was last modified, and the addresses of the file's blocks on disk. A UNIX directory is an association between file leafnames and inode numbers. A file's inode number can be found using the "-i" switch to ls.

The part of the System Fault Tolerance (SFT) III operating system that handles physical processes, such as network and disk I/O, hardware interrupts, device drivers, timing, and routing.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, a Novell Application Launcher (NAL) cache subdirectory that contains the application source files needed by NAL to install or verify an application while in disconnected mode.

InstallShield AdminStudio ZENworks EditionA third-party tool bundled with ZENworks Desktop Management to help customize .msi installations for distribution by ZENworks Desktop Management. It simulates the application's installation, captures the customizations you make, and automatically generates a transform (also called an .mst file) that incorporates these customizations.

To provide data to a software structure to create or complete an instance of the structure.

A professional organization for engineers in the United States that creates and publishes networking standards for cabling, electrical topology, physical topology, and access schemes. The IEEE belongs to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

A hard disk interface (such as ESDI or SCSI) that has replaced the ST-506. The controller hardware is placed on the drive itself for improved performance.

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a type of circuit-switched telephone network system, designed to allow digital (as opposed to analog) transmission of voice and data over ordinary telephone copper wires, resulting in better quality and higher speeds, than is available with analog systems.More broadly, ISDN is a set of protocols for establishing and breaking circuit-switched connections, and for providing advanced call features for the end user.

In the United States, a legal and regulatory term for a telecommunications company, commonly called a long-distance telephone company, such as AT&T, MCI, and Sprint. It is defined as a carrier that provides inter LATA (local access and transport area) communication.

A set of specified interfaces. An interface group allows protocols to request an X.25 or PPP circuit through any one interface from within the group, without having to specify which interface.

A protocol used by gateways to communicate routing information between each other. It can then be used by the IP protocol to direct packets from a gateway to the rest of a network.The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocols are examples of IGPs.

In ZENworks Desktop Management and ZENworks Server Management, a staging server for moving the data from the lower-level servers up the server hierarchy. It does not have inventoried workstations or inventoried servers attached to it and does not have an Inventory database.

In ZENworks Desktop Management and ZENworks Server Management, a staging server for moving the data from the lower-level servers up the server hierarchy. It does not have inventoried workstations or inventoried servers attached to it, but it does have an Inventory database.

In ZENworks Server Management, a staging server for moving the data from the lower-level servers up the server hierarchy. It has inventoried servers attached to it and it has an Inventory database.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, a staging server for moving the data from the lower-level servers up the server hierarchy. It has inventoried workstations attached to it and it has an Inventory database.

In ZENworks Server Management, a staging server for moving the data from the lower-level servers up the server hierarchy. It has inventoried servers attached to it, but it has no Inventory database.

In ZENworks Desktop Management, a staging server for moving the data from the lower-level servers up the server hierarchy. It has workstations attached to it, but it has no Inventory database.

A unique hexadecimal number that is assigned to the NetWare server at installation and serves as a server identification number. It is stored in the autoexec.ncf file and should not be deleted.IPX uses this number to advertise services and route IPX packets to the external IPX networks attached to the server. On IPX networks this number must also be different from the IPX external network number.IP uses this number to provide passive IPX support called Compatibility Mode. This means that even though the NetWare server does not advertise or broadcast in this mode, the NetWare server can process and respond to incoming IPX requests.

A logical network that routes packets to the physical networks to which a NetWare server is attached. Used in NetWare 3 and NetWare 4.

A logical network number that identifies an individual NetWare 3 or later version. On IPX networks, the