Glossary

The graphical interface used on Linux systems and applications. It is the middle layer between the hardware and a window manager such as KDE or GNOME.

The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) standard that defines where to find the address for the electronic envelope of an X.400 transmission. It becomes part of an X.500 directory of names and addresses similar to the yellow pages of a telephone directory.

A framework for authentication to the X.500 directory.A widely used specification for digital certificates that has been a recommendation of the ITU (International Telecommunications Union - Geneva, Switzerland) since 1988.

A standard format for a digital certificate that is internationally recognized as an electronic document used to bind a name to a public key and to prove ownership of the public key over a communications network. In Version 3 of the X.509 standard, the certificate contains the issuer's name, the user's identifying information, and the issuer's digital signature, as well as other possible extensions.Some companies have implemented the X.509 standard in different ways, rendering some generated X.509 Certificates unreadable across other companies' software products.

Version 11 of the X Window System.

A data communications protocol suite developed by Xerox Corporation to run on LAN and WAN networks. XNS denotes not only the protocol stack, but also an architecture of standard programming interfaces, conventions, and service functions for authentication, directory, filing, email, and remote procedure calls. Novell IPX is based on XNS.

The next generation of Web forms. XForms are designed to overcome the limitations of HTML forms by providing a robust, standards-based way to define Web forms. The advantages of the XForms standard include the following:

• Separate data, logic, and presentation modules
• A powerful event model (so that you don't have to use a lot of scripting for client-side validation or calculations)
• A way to process data in XML formats

XForms cannot run as standalone applications. They are designed to run as components within a host language such as XHTML. In the Novell implementation, they run within the context of a pageflow application.

A free implementation of the X Window System -- the graphical interface used on Linux systems and applications.

1. Exchange Identification: A specific type of link unit (commands and responses) used to carry node and link characteristics between adjacent nodes. XIDs are exchanged between link stations before activation to negotiate acceptable characteristics. XIDs are also exchanged during activation to adjust for changes in these characteristics.2. An identifier that identifies a file in the Novell Storage Services (NSS) storage system. An XID uniquely identifies a file within a given volume. Because hard links make it possible for a file to have more than one parent, a parent XID and name identifier are also required to uniquely identify the path used to get to the file.

The software that enables you to centrally control Linux software configurations for both servers and workstations. Ximian Red Carpet Enterprise allows you to

• Manage users and organize groups of machines for installations and updates
• Integrate with leading software update systems such as SUSE YaST and Red Hat Network
• Roll back software packages to pre-update versions if unintended problems are caused by the update
• Automatically resolve software package requirements before updating to ensure that all dependencies are met

Extensible Markup Language

In ZENworks Desktop Management and ZENworks Server Management, a Java servlet used to proxy XMLRPC requests to other private networks across a non-secured connection.

Extensible Markup Language Remote Procedure CallIn ZENworks Server Management, software used by Server Policies and Tiered Electronic Distribution for inter-server communications.

Xerox Network SystemA data communications protocol suite developed by Xerox Corporation to run on LAN and WAN networks. XNS denotes not only the protocol stack, but also an architecture of standard programming interfaces, conventions, and service functions for authentication, directory, filing, email, and remote procedure calls. Novell IPX is based on XNS.

A protocol for controlling the flow of data. XON/XOFF prevents a sending system from transmitting data faster than the receiving system can accept it. XON/XOFF lets the receiving computer stop the flow of information so that it may process the information as it comes in.

Standard terminal emulator for the X Window System. The X-Terminal application allows you to type commands into your shell and run programs.

An authentication framework that resides on the middle-tier server. Xtier is used by several of Novell Web-based applications to provide secure authentication to corporate servers across an Internet connection. Xtier works in conjunction with other software to provide services across the Web. For example, in NetStorage, users can map drives to files located on secure corporate servers through a Web browser. Xtier provides the authentication portion of the connection, and WebDAV is responsible for mapping the drive.