Substring

This verb expands to string containing the number of characters specified in the Length field. Enclosed nouns and verbs are concatenated before the substring verb is applied.

Example

Fields

Start

Starting location for the concatenation:

• 0 is the first character.
• >0 is an offset from the start of the string
• -1 is the last character.
• <-1 is an offset from the last character towards the start of the string.

Length

Number of characters from start to include in the substring. Negative numbers are interpreted as (total # of characters + length) + 1 (e.g. for a string with 5 characters a length of -1 = (5 + (-1)) + 1 = 5, -2 = (5 + (-2)) + 1 = 4, etc.).