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A static route is a RIP route that is added to a router's Routing Information Table by a network administrator rather than by the active routing protocol---in this case, RIP---operating over a network link. With Novell Internet Access Server 4.1, you can configure static routes and services for both permanent and on-demand calls.
A permanent call is a connection that remains active between the local router and the remote router identified by the call destination. An on-demand call is a point-to-point connection between two routers that becomes active only when one router must send user data to the router at the other end. On-demand calls are well-suited for connections that use expensive telecommunications carriers and for slow links over which it is undesirable to send routing and service traffic. For more information about permanent and on-demand calls, refer to Call Types.
You can configure static routes and services with the following utilities:
NIASCFG ---With NIASCFG, you must configure all routes and services manually. To activate the configuration on both routers, you select Reinitialize System from the Internetworking Configuration menu. Use NIASCFG to set up WAN call destinations at each end of the connection and configure static routes and services.
STATICON ---The static route and service configuration utility for IPX. STATICON uses the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to discover which routes and services are available through a remote router and adds them to the static routing table on a local router. Before configuring static routes and services with STATICON, you must use NIASCFG to set up the WAN call destinations and activate the configuration by selecting Reinitialize System . You then load STATICON and configure the static routes and services on the routers. STATICON configures all routes and services on each router automatically and allows you to try the static configuration before saving it to disk. The STATICON configuration becomes active immediately; you do not need to reinitialize or restart the router.
For more information about static routes and services and related topics, refer to Static Routes and Services.
This section contains the following topics:
NOTE: If you plan to configure static routing information, we recommend using STATICON to avoid potential routing loops.
Before you configure static routes and services with NIASCFG, determine the addresses of the networks or hosts that you want to access. Then set up a WAN call destination, on each router, to the router at the other end of the connection.
WARNING: When setting up a call destination, be sure you set the Remote System ID parameter to the server name of the system initiating the inbound call. The local system checks each inbound call against the remote system ID.
To configure static routes with NIASCFG, complete the following steps:
Load NIASCFG, then select the following parameter path:
Select Configure NIAS > Protocols and Routing > Bindings > a WAN interface > WAN Call Destinations.
Select a WAN call destination from the list, or press Ins to choose from a list of available call destinations.
Select Static Routes.
A new screen displays any configured static routes.
Press Ins , then enter the following information:
Press Esc and save your changes.
Press Esc to return to the Internetworking Configuration menu.
If you want these changes to take effect immediately, select Reinitialize System .
If you want to configure other parameters, do so now, then reinitialize the system when you are finished.
HINT: If you plan to configure any uncommon services, we recommend using STATICON to avoid errors.
To configure static services with NIASCFG, complete the following steps:
Load NIASCFG, then select the following parameter path:
Select Configure NIAS > Protocols and Routing > Bindings > a WAN interface > WAN Call Destinations.
Select a WAN call destination from the list, or press Ins to choose from a list of available call destinations.
Select Static Services .
A new screen displays any configured static services.
Press Ins, then enter the following information:
NOTE: If you need to obtain service name information, use the IPXCON utility at the remote router. If you use STATICON to configure static services, this information is obtained automatically.
NOTE: If you need to obtain service address socket information, use the IPXCON utility at the remote router. If you use STATICON to configure static services, this information is obtained automatically.
Press Esc and save your changes.
Press Esc to return to the Internetworking Configuration menu.
If you want these changes to take effect immediately, select Reinitialize System .
If you want to configure other parameters, do so now, then reinitialize the system when you are finished.
STATICON provides a fast and error-free way to configure static routes and services on routers at each end of a point-to-point WAN connection. However, before loading STATICON, you must use NIASCFG to complete the following preparatory tasks on each router:
IMPORTANT: For STATICON to operate, the router at the other end of the connection must either be running Novell Internet Access Server 4.1 or be a third-party router that supports IPX SNMP and the IPX Management Information Base (MIB) variables.
When you load STATICON, the Select Configuration Method menu appears. Table 3 describes each menu option.
Table 3. Select Configuration Method Menu Options
| Menu Option | Description |
|---|---|
Dynamically Configure Static Routing Tables |
Opens an on-demand call to the remote router and allows you to edit the local and remote configurations using dynamically obtained selection lists. |
Configure Services from Gatekeepers |
Opens an on-demand call to obtain a list of services available from a gatekeeper and allows you to select the services you want. The gatekeeper is normally on the other side of a WAN link. |
Configure Local Static Services |
Lets you configure static services manually on the local router. This configuration is nearly identical to the one presented in Configuring Static Services. |
Configure Local Static Routes |
Lets you configure static routes manually on the local router. This configuration is nearly identical to the one presented in Configuring Static Routes. |
Write Static Routing Tables to Permanent Storage |
Sends IPX SNMP requests to the local router to put the routing table information into permanent storage. The router is polled to ensure that the information is updated. |
Restore Static Routing Tables from Permanent Storage |
Sends IPX SNMP requests to the local router to restore routing table information from permanent storage. The router is polled to ensure that the information is updated. |
The most efficient way to configure static routes and services is to select the Dynamically Configure Static Routing Tables option. This enables you to select from the following options:
For more information about configuring static routes and services dynamically, refer to Selectively Configuring Static Routes and Services and Automatically Configuring Static Routes and Services.
For STATICON to configure a remote router's routing and service tables, it must support IPX SNMP and the IPX MIB variables and have SNMP-write access to the router. If the remote router is running Novell Internet Access Server 4.1, specifying a Control Community from NIASCFG enables write access.
To check write access, complete the following steps:
Load NIASCFG on the remote router, then select the following parameter path:
Select Configure NIAS > Protocols and Routing > Manage Configuration > Configure SNMP Parameters
The Control State field should read Any Community May Write or Specified Community May Write . If it reads Specified Community May Write , note the name in the Control Community field. Use this name when you must provide the name of the SNMP control community in Step 8 of Selectively Configuring Static Routes and Services and Step 8 of Automatically Configuring Static Routes and Services.
Press Esc to return to the Internetworking Configuration menu.
Exit NIASCFG.
Through selective configuration, you can choose specific routes and services you want to add to a routing table. This feature lets you select from an existing routing table the routes and services that your router does not have in its table. You can copy routes to a remote router from a local router, or copy routes to a local router from a remote router.
To selectively configure static routes and services, complete the following steps:
Load STATICON.
Select Dynamically Configure Static Routing Tables .
STATICON displays the on-demand calls of which IPX is currently aware. It also shows the connection state of each call.
NOTE: The Auto Static Route listed in the display is the nonconfigured static route to the internal network on the other side of the WAN link. This automatic static route ensures a route across the link in case normal RIP filtering might prevent such a route. It must not be deleted.
Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to select the WAN call destination associated with the remote router.
If the Status field associated with the call reads Not Connected , press Ins to connect the call.
Wait for the Status field to change to Connected .
This can take several seconds if you are using a dial-up line.
Press Enter .
Do one of the following:
To configure the routing table for the local router, select Configure Local Routing Tables.
To configure the routing table for the remote router, select Configure Remote Routing Tables.
Enter the SNMP Control Community name associated with the remote router, or press Enter to accept the default Control Community named public .
The remote router must have write access enabled. If you need to check write access, refer to Checking Write Access on the Remote Router.
If you selected Configure Local Routing Tables , complete the following steps; otherwise, continue with Step 10.
A progress screen appears while the local system reads the currently configured routes and services.
After the Locally Configured Routes screen appears, you can remove items from the routing table by highlighting or marking the entries and pressing Del .
Press Ins to add static routes or services to the local routing table.
A progress screen appears while the local system gathers information from the remote router.
The Selectable Routes and Services screen appears. The routes and services listed here are from the remote router's table. The list shows only the routes and services that are not already present in the local router's table.
Mark the routes or services you want to add to the local routing table.
Use the following keys to mark your selections:
If you use F6 , the Select Wild Card Marking Option screen appears. You can select Match Service Names or Match Network Numbers . After you make a selection, the Enter Pattern for Matching screen appears, enabling you to enter the name or number pattern and wildcard.
Press Enter .
The Select Currently Marked Routes and/or Services? screen appears.
Select Yes. Proceed to Step 11.
If you selected Configure Remote Routing Tables , complete the following steps:
A progress screen appears while the local system gathers information from the remote router.
After the Remote Router's Configured Routes and Services screen appears, you can remove items from the routing table by highlighting or marking the entries and pressing Del .
Press Ins to add static routes or services to the remote routing table.
A progress screen appears while the local system reads the currently configured routes and services.
The Selectable Routes and Services screen appears. The routes and services listed here are from the local router's table. They show only the routes and services that are not already present on the remote router's table.
Mark the routes or services you want to add to the remote routing table.
Use the following keys to mark your selections:
If you use F6 , the Select Wild Card Marking Option screen appears. You can select Match Service Names or Match Network Numbers . After you make a selection, the Enter Pattern for Matching screen appears, enabling you to enter the name or number pattern and wildcard.
Press Enter .
The Select Currently Marked Routes and/or Services? screen appears.
Select Yes .
Press Esc twice.
STATICON allows you to choose whether to save the static configuration to disk now or test the configuration first by trying to establish a connection.
If you want to save the configuration to disk now, continue with Step 12.
If you want to test the configuration before saving it to disk, select Do Not Save the Routing Tables to Permanent Storage.
In this case, the configuration remains in router memory.
If you decide later to save the configuration to disk, return to the Select Configuration Option For This Call screen and select Write Connection Routing Tables to Permanent Storage .
The configuration is saved to disk if you did not do any of the following while testing the configuration:
Select Save the Routing Tables to Permanent Storage .
NOTE: Changes you make from STATICON take effect immediately; you do not need to reinitialize or restart either router after completing the configuration.
The following message appears after the configuration is saved to disk:
Writing static routing tables for this call to permanent storage completed successfully in router <router_name >.<Press ENTER to continue>Press Enter , then press Esc until you return to the Select Configuration Method menu.
Exit STATICON.
Configuring static routes and services automatically lets you copy all the missing routes from your local router to a remote router and from the remote router to your local router at the same time.
To automatically configure static routes and services, complete the following steps:
Load STATICON.
Select Dynamically Configure Static Routing Tables .
STATICON displays the on-demand calls of which IPX is currently aware. It also shows the connection state of each call.
Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to select the WAN call destination associated with the remote router.
If the Status field associated with the call reads Not Connected , press Ins to connect the call.
Wait for the Status field to change to Connected .
This can take several seconds if you are using a dial-up line.
Press Enter .
Select Autoconfigure Local and Remote Routing Tables .
Enter the SNMP Control Community name associated with the remote router, or press Enter to accept the default Control Community public .
The remote router must have write access enabled. If you need to check write access, refer to Checking Write Access on the Remote Router.
A progress screen appears as STATICON exchanges routes and services with the remote router. This might take several minutes if you are working over a large network or slow link.
The following message appears when the exchange is complete:
Autoconfiguration of Routing Tables between local and remote Routers completed successfully.<Press ENTER to continue>Press Enter .
STATICON allows you to choose whether to save the static configuration to disk now or try the configuration first.
If you want to save the configuration to disk now, continue with Step 10 .
If you want to try the configuration before saving it to disk, select Do Not Save the Routing Tables to Permanent Storage.
In this case, the configuration remains in router memory.
If you decide later to save the configuration to disk, return to the Select Configuration Option For This Call screen and select Write Connection Routing Tables to Permanent Storage .
You can do this as long as you do not do any of the following while trying out the configuration:
Select Save the Routing Tables to Permanent Storage .
NOTE: Changes you make from STATICON take effect immediately; you do not need to reinitialize or restart either router after completing the configuration.
The following message appears after the configuration is saved to disk:
Writing static routing tables for this call to permanent storage completed successfully.<Press ENTER to continue>Press Esc until you return to the Select Configuration Method menu.
Exit STATICON.
A gatekeeper is a special file server that is located in the hub of an internetwork and is able to see all public services from all connected sites. A gatekeeper stores routing and services information in its bindery, Novell's equivalent of a telephone book. Using STATICON, you can obtain a list of services available from a gatekeeper and select the required services for advertisement by your local router. For more information about gatekeepers and binderies, refer to Static Routes and Services.
To configure services for a gatekeeper, complete the following steps:
Load STATICON.
Select Configure Services for Gatekeepers .
STATICON displays the IPX Calls screen, a list of on-demand calls of which IPX is currently aware. It also shows the connection state of each call.
Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to select the WAN call destination associated with the remote router.
If the Status field associated with the call reads Not Connected , press Ins to connect the call.
Wait for the Status field to change to Connected .
This can take several seconds if you are using a dial-up line.
Press Enter .
The Select Configuration Option For This Call screen displays.
Select Configure Local Routes and Services .
The Configured Services screen displays.
Press Ins to display a list of gatekeepers.
Use the arrow keys to select a gatekeeper, then press Enter .
STATICON displays messages that it is attaching to the selected gatekeeper and that it is scanning the gatekeeper for services. Service names are displayed as STATICON discovers them. When the scanning is completed, a list is displayed of all the services available from the gatekeeper.
Select all the services you want by using the arrow keys to highlight each desired service, then pressing F5 .
Press Enter to confirm your selection of all the marked services.
Optionally, press Esc to return to the IPX Calls screen and then repeat Step 3 through Step 11 for another WAN call.
Save the information as follows:
If you have collected gatekeeper information for a single WAN call, press Esc to return to the Select Configuration Option For This Call screen, then select Write Static Routing Tables to Permanent Storage.
If you have collected gatekeeper information for multiple WAN calls, press Esc to return to the STATICON main menu, then select Write Static Routing Tables to Permanent Storage.
If necessary, press Esc to return to the Select Configuration Method menu. Exit STATICON.
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